The city, the duke and their banker

During the second half of the fourteenth and the first half of the fifteenth century, it was particularly hazardous for medieval merchants to invest in government finance. The 'certainty of uncertainty' involved in dealing with princes proved disastrous for innumerable businesses, whether they were modest one-man firms or colossal 'super companies'. Yet, in this same period, the Rapondi, a family active in Bruges but originating from the Italian city of Lucca, achieved a career of more than thirty years in the money-lending business, ending with encomiums of princely praise instead of a bankruptcy. This book explains this remarkable achievement, not with a conventional focus on the individuals who agreed the loans and made up the bills, but by linking their work to the phenomenon that dominated the social and political scene of the Low Countries at the time: the formation of the Burgundian state. In the context of the politics of centralization conducted by the Burgundian dukes and the resistance of the Flemish cities the success story of the Rapondi can be understood. The Duke, the City and their Banker analyses how the firm first engaged in this interaction, how it was able to maintain its position while others failed and how these relations came to an end. While the emphasis of the book lies on the Rapondis' activities in Bruges, the meeting-place of international trade and finance in the fourteenth and fifteenth century, it also offers new insights into other important episodes of this fascinating period, including the Great Western Schism that divided the papacy, the continuing hostilities between England and France and the internal French conflict between Bourguignons and Armagnacs. In doing so, The Duke, the City and their Banker shows how an Italian merchant family was able to shape late medieval economic and political history.

Cette série d'études peut être considerée comme un produit du programme de recherche 'La société urbaine dans les anciens Pays-Bas (bas Moyen Age - 16e siècle)' financé par les 'Pôles d'attraction interuniversitaires - Etat belge - Services fédéraux des affaires scientifiques, techniques et culturelles' et mené par une équipe composée par les Universités de Gand (RUG, Marc Boone, Hilde Symoens), de Bruxelles (ULB, Claire Billen), de Leyde (RUL, Wim Blockmans) et d'Anvers (UFSIA, Bruno Blondé, Guido Marnef) et du départment des manuscripts de la Bibliothèque Royale (Albertina) de Bruxelles (Pierre Cockshaw, Bernard Bousmanne). Le projet (PAI, phase V, n°10) sera développé en poursuivant quatre lignes de recherche: villes et plat-pays (osmose économique, social et culturel), contrôle des comportements, identité urbaine, histoire sociale et culturelle des classes moyennes. La série publiera les resultats de recherche du programme pendant la période 2002-2006. Compte tenu de l'importance du phénomène urbain dans l'histoire des anciens Pays-Bas, le programme de recherche contribuera également à mieux comprendre la singularité de ce espace dans le contexte européen.