Proceedings of the XVI International Numismatic Congress, 11-16.09.2022, Warsaw: Vol. II. Roman Numismatics

The XVI International Numismatic Congress, held in Warsaw, Poland, in September 2022, was a landmark event, drawing the largest number of participants in its history. With over 550 papers presented during thematic sessions and round tables, this congress showcased the latest advancements and research in the field of numismatics from leading experts and scholars in their field.

A curated selection of papers from the conference have now been drawn together into peer-reviewed conference proceedings, representing a comprehensive spectrum of numismatic studies from antiquity to modern times. Each paper is meticulously illustrated with high-quality images, often of unique specimens, along with detailed diagrams, maps, and die/typological chains. Topics covered include coins and coin finds, medals, tokens, banknotes, the history of collections and collecting, and cutting-edge chemical analyses and technologies used in coin examination.

This volume, the second in four thematic volumes, focuses on Roman coinage. Divided into two separate volumes, covering respectively forty-three chapters on coinage and forty-one on circulation, the contributions gathered here explore not only Rome and the imperial mints, but also local phenomena from Spain to Asia Minor, including graffiti, imitations, and copies of Roman coinage.

List of Illustrations

Introduction
Jarosław Bodzek, Aleksander Bursche, Anna Zapolska
 
11.1 Coinage

1. The Celtic Small Silver Coinage of the Upper Danube
Markus Möller
2. The Contribution of 3D Digitisation to the Study of the Riedones Celtic Coins (Fr, 35)
Katherine Gruel, Caroline Plumel, Benjamin Houal, Olivier Masson, Thierry Lejars
3. 3D Scanning of Celtic Coins and Deep Learning to Identify Monetary Dies
Sofiane Horache, Katherine Gruel, Jean-Emmanuel Deschaud, François Goulette, Thierry Lejars
4. Image Recognition Applied to the Hoard of Le Câtillon II
Chrisowalandis Deligio, Karsten Tolle, Philip de Jersey
5. The Manerbio Hoard (Lombardy, Italy) and 3D Digitisation: The Rediscovery of Cisalpine Gaul’s Drachmas
Elodie Paris, Ermanno A. Arslan, Katherine Gruel, Joseph Lleres
6. The Roman Republican Die Project (RRDP). History and New Methodologies
Lucia F. Carbone, Liv M. Yarrow, Alice Sharpless
7. The Roman Republican Die Project (RRDP). Methods and Preliminary Findings
Alice Sharpless, Lucia Carbone, Liv Yarrow
8. The Debasement of the Denarius in the 80s BC
Kevin Butcher, Matthew Ponting
9. Un caso singular de la monetización del SO de Hispania en época republicana: Mesas do Castelinho (Almodôvar, Portugal)
Amilcar Guerra, Carlos Fabião, Susana Estrela, Bartolomé Mora
10. Minting in the Middle Ground. Counterfeited Roman Coins in the Lake Geneva Region (60–20 BC)
Charles Parisot-Sillon
11. Tracing Roman Gold Stocks with LA-ICP-MS Analysis of Coins from the Second Punic War to the End of the First Century AD
Arnaud Suspène, Maryse Blet-Lemarquand
12. Non-Destructively Determining the Composition of Coinage from Rome and the Mediterranean, from 200 BC to 64 AD
Adrian D. Hillier, Toluwalase Agoro, Katsu Ishida, Matthew Ponting, Kevin Butcher
13. The Representation of Sicily on the Roman Coinage from the Republic to Augustus
Manon Larue
14. Decades Without Bronze Minting in the First Century AD: Their Significance and Impact on Coin Circulation
Johan van Heesch
15. Una riconsiderazione di un Aureo a nome di Plotina Aug Divi dalla collezione di Campana
Maria Cristina Molinari
16. The Return of the Pious Son. Additional Evidence on the Restored Denarius Issue Signed by Hadrian
Bernhard E. Woytek
17. Einhaltung eines Gewichtsstandards in der antiken Münzprägung am Beispiel der Cistophoren
Wolfgang Bretz, Gunther Eggeler, Jan Frenzel, Bärbel Morstadt, Clara Pohl
18. The Antonines: An Economy of Silver, not Gold
Gilles Bransbourg
19. The Antonine Denarii from Mesopotamia: Preliminary Observations and Interpretations of Two Series from Edessa and Carrhae
Edward Dandrow
20. Numi plumbei antinoënsi
Giovanni Maria Staffieri
21. A Die Study of the Alexandrian Coinage of Commodus
Mona Ashour
22. Natus vincere: the Image of Emperor Gallienus (AD 253–268) through Rome’s Mint Coinage
David Serrano Ordozgoiti
23. Die aeternitas Augusti im Licht der Münzen
Katarzyna Balbuza
24. A Spanish Charioteer on a New Contorniate from Rome?
Claudia Ferro
25. Numismatic Panorama: Mythical Founding Heroes in the Third Century AD 
Agata Aleksandra Kluczek
26. Theomorphic Ruler Images of the Counter-Emperor Postumus. Frontality as an Element of Ruler Representation in the Crisis Period of the 260s AD
Michele Lange
27. La frappe de l’aureus dans les ateliers balkaniques et orientaux entre 293 et 313
Jay Dharmadhikari
28. Multiple inédit de 2 solidi de Constantin Ier à l’atelier de Trèves
Marie-Laure Le Brazidec, Laurent Schmitt
29. Two Silver Ingots from the Mid-Fourth Century AD
Alenka Miškec
30. The SM Mark on Honorius Age Bronze Issues
Stefano Bruni
31. Coins of Antioch and the Transition from Late Antiquity to Early Byzantium (324–610 AD)
Pavla Drapelova
32. L’affirmation du pouvoir par la monnaie sous Gunthamund (484–496) et Thrasamund (496–523)
Aurélien Ros
33. A Taxonomy of Bilingual Coins from Augustus to the Mid-third Century AD
Bartosz Awianowicz
34. The Coins of Nicopolis ad Istrum Kept in the Medagliere of the Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana (Ambrosian Library): A Preliminary Report
Giancarlo Alteri, Eleonora Giampiccolo
35. Mythical Past of Thrace and its Reflection in the Selected Monetary Issues of Hadrianopolis
Marek Jurkowski
36. Rare Coin Types of Pautalia and Serdica
Nikolay Dimitrov
37. Iconographic Interactions between the Roman Provinces of Thrace, Pontus Bithynia, and Asia Minor
Marina Tasaklaki
38. Countermarks on the Coins of Bithynia and Pontus in the Roman Period: Some General Observations
Barbara Zając
39. The Identity of the Warrior God on the Coins of Ariassos
Esra Tütüncü
40. A New Year of an Old Era?
Christian Schinzel
41. More Than Just a Scratch. A Preliminary Categorisation of Graffiti on Roman Gold Coin
Friederike Stahlke
42. Not Only Postumus. Roman and Byzantine Gold Coins with Graffiti in the Collection of the Ossolineum
Adam Degler
43. Los nuevos plomos monetiformes de Eucleratus
David Martínez Chico
44. Ancient Ponderal items from the Roman Camp in Cáceres el Viejo (Cáceres, Spain)
Diego Barrios, Cruces Blázquez

11.2 Circulation

45. The Coin Finds Hub – Italy Project: Management and Use of Numismatic Data from Archaeological Contexts
Renata Cantilena, Federico Carbone, Giacomo Pardini,
46. The Coin Hoards of the Roman Republic [Online] Database: Reflections and Development after Nine Years
Kris Lockyear
47. Differences in the Circulation Patterns of Roman Republican Coinage in the Imperial Period with a Particular Focus on the Denarii Serrati
Katharina Huber
48. La présence des deniers républicains en Méditerranée orientale durant les troisième et deuxième siècles avant J.-C.
Eleni G. Papaefthtymiou
49. The Underwater Coin Deposit of Gran Carro, in Lake Bolsena
Samuele Ranucci, Barbara Barbaro
50. Preliminary Report on the 2019 Varzi Hoard (Northern Italy, Province of Pavia)
Alessandro Bona, Florence Caillaud, Alessandro Cavagna, Cecilia Norfini, Claudia Perassi
51. Coin Circulation in Mediolanum between the First Century BC and the Second Century AD: New Data from Archaeological Contexts
Alessandro Bona
52. The Coin Treasure from the Cardus IV Excavation of Herculaneum (Ancient Campania) in the Coin Cabinet of the Museo Archeologico Nazionale at Naples-Italy (562 AR): a Preliminary Report
Emanuela Spagnoli
53. The Coin Hoards of the Roman Empire Project. 10 Years On! Unum Fiat ex Pluribus. The Case of Sicily
Mariangela Puglisi
54. Late Roman Empire Coin Hoards from Archaeological Excavations in Lamego’s Castle (PORTUGAL)
Alice Baeta
55. La continuidad en el uso de nummi tardorromanos cortados y recortados en el Castillo de Viguera (La Rioja)
Fernando López Sánchez, José María Tejado Sebastián
56. The Roman Hoard of Tomares: Preliminary Results of a ‘Too Big’ Monetary Find
Ruth Pliego, Enrique García-Vargas
57. Nummi tardoantiguos en Gallaecia y Lusitania: conjuntos monetales en el siglo V d. C.
Alberto Martín Esquivel, Cruces Blázquez Cerrato
58. Las monedas del yacimiento tardoantiguo (ss. VI–VII d.C.) de València la Vella (Riba-roja de Túria, València, España)
Òscar Caldés
59. Hallazgos de moneda antigua en contexto arqueológico de la bahía de Algeciras (Cádiz, España)
Alicia Arévalo-González, Elena Moreno-Pulido
60. Monedas romanas bajoimperiales y tardoantiguas de la excavación de la plaza de la catedral de Tortosa (Tarragona, España)
Xavier Sicart, Òscar Caldés, Ramon Ferré
61. El conjunto monetario hallado en el balneum de la villa romana de Vilauba (Catalunya)
Pere Castanyer, Marc Bouzas, Joan Frigola, Joaquim Tremoleda, Andrea Ferrer
62. The Beaurains (Arras) Hoard: A Hundred Years Later
Vincent Drost
63. Usages et usagers des monnaies d’or en territoire éduen sous l’Empire romain
Kévin Charrier
64. Initiators, Status, Degree of Tolerance of Authorities and Other Key Features of Irregular Radiates: An Updated Overview
Fabien Pilon
65. Usages et circulation monétaires dans le sud de la Gaule aux V^e et VI^e siècles : le cas des monnayages de bronze
Marie-Laure Le Brazidec
66. The Monetization of the Rural Countryside in the German Rhineland
Rahel Otte
67. The Coin Hoards of the Roman Empire and Switzerland
Rahel C. Ackermann
68. Coin Finds from the Insulae 3, 13 and 15 in Aventicum/Avenches (Switzerland)
Isabella Liggi Asperoni
69. The Roman Hoard of Ueken 2015 (Canton of Aargau, Switzerland)
Fanny Puthod, Markus Peter, Pierre Zanchi
70. The Claustra Alpium Iuliarum: A Frontier for Monetary Circulation in the Late-Roman Period
Andrea Stella
71. Coin Hoards from the 4th Century AD Found in the Administrative Territory of Augusta Traiana/Beroe
Mariana Мinkova
72. First Insights of Roman Monetary Circulation in Ancient Armenia
Anahide Kéfélian
73. Two Hoards of Late Roman Gold Coins in the Egyptian Museum of Cairo
Fatma Ali Abbas Mohamed
74. Roman Denarius Hoards in Denmark: A methodological critique
Rasmus Holst Nielsen
75. Large Imperial Gold Medallions from the Fourth Century – the Hoard from Vindelev, Denmark
Helle W. Horsnæs
76. The Manufacture and Use of Roman Imperial Denarii Subaerati by Barbarian Inhabitants of Central, Eastern, and Northern Europe, an Overview
Arkadiusz Dymowski
77. Multidisciplinary Studies of Counterfeit Roman Imperial Denarii from Belarus
Vital Sidarovich
78. Irregular Roman Coins from Roman and Migration Period Settlements in Western Lesser Poland
Jarosław Bodzek, Jan Bulas, Szymon Jellonek, Barbara Zając
79. From individual finds to a broader picture – the influx and circulation of solidi in Polish part of Barbaricum (Poland)
Anna Zapolska
80. Cast Copies of Roman Imperial denarii Discovered in Western Moldavia (Romania)
Lucian Munteanu
81. Some Aspects of the Distribution of Cast Copies of Roman Denominations in the ‘Barbarian’ Territories of South-Eastern Europe
Oleh Pohorilets’, Oleksandr Nadvirnyak
82. Ancient Coins from Pest County
Lajos Juhász
83. Updating Roman Coins from India: ultra posse nemo obligatur
Paula J. Turner
84. The Movement of Roman Coins into Southeast Asia. What Does it Mean?
Brigitte Borell
85. Interference in Ancient Numismatics in the Ossolineum in Wroclaw and the National Museum in Warsaw
Anna Anzorge Potrzebowska