A wide-ranging, cross-cultural approach to the study of medieval philosophy of language and thought, semantics and logic – fields that deeply engaged Islamic, Jewish, and Christian philosophers, theologians, and grammarians over the centuries.

This volume enhances our understanding of the various strategies used by early Norman rulers of Sicily and Southern Italy – but above all Roger II of Sicily - to establish authority and cultivate identity in the Mediterranean world.

The first interdisciplinary study of settlements and strongholds in early medieval England through their representation in literary and material culture.